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ADA report. Intensive, extended breastfeeding linked to reduced risk for type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes.Prospective study with 1010 women during 2 years

SAN FRANCISCO —  Intensive and extended breastfeeding lowered a woman’s risk for developing type 2 diabetes after pregnancy in which they had gestational diabetes, according to a presenter at the American Diabetes Association’s 74th Scientific Sessions..

“Our findings show that lactation measures are inversely associated with incidence of diabetes in 2 years,” Erica Gunderson, PhD, MPH, MS, from Kaiser Permanente Northern California, said during her presentation. “Lactation that tends toward high intensity associated with 40% to 60% lower risk and duration is also in the same magnitude. Severity of glucose intolerance or any other covariants did not change this association.

In the Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes after GDM pregnancy, or SWIFT, study, researchers conducted a prospective observational study from 2008 to 2014 looking at a cohort of 1,010 women (age 20-45 years) with recent gestational diabetes to determine the impact of breastfeeding on development of type 2 diabetes.

The women did not have pre-existing diabetes or diabetes at 6 to 9 weeks postpartum, Gunderson said, and they were determined to be either in the intensive breastfeeding (17 oz/day) groups.

The study consisted of three in-person exams at baseline, 6 to 9 weeks postpartum, 1 year and 2 years, all of which included a 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test. In addition, the participants received 10 monthly mailings in the first year and three telephone interviews, one prenatal and two postpartum at 1 and 6 months.

Within 2 years, there were 106 incident cases of diabetes (11%), Gunderson said.

After adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI, race, prenatal 3-hour OGTT score and gestational diabetes treatment, women who exclusively breastfed at 6 to 9 weeks postpartum showed a 61% risk reduction in their 2-year diabetes incidence (HR=0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.77) and those that breastfed at any frequency showed a nearly 40% reduction (mixed feeding HR=0.61; 95% CI, 0.34-1.08; mostly breastfeeding HR=0.66; 95% CI, 0.41-1.07).

Duration of lactation was also associated with reduced risk of incident diabetes in the 2-year study period, Gunderson showed. The women that breastfed for 2 months to 6 months reduced their risk by 30%; those that did so for 6 to 14 months reduced their risk by 42%; and those that breastfed for more than 14 months reduced their risk by 58% (HRs=0.70, 0.58, 0.42, respectively; all P=.05).

Gunderson E. Abstract 357-OR. Presented at: American Diabetes Association’s 74th Scientific Sessions; June 13-17, 2014; San Francisco.

Disclosures: Ehrlich reports no relevant financial relationships.

From http://www.healio.com/

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